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Taking scope : the natural semantics of quantifiers /

In this work, Mark Steedman considers the syntax and semantics of quantifier scope in interaction with negation, polarity coordination, and pronominal binding, among other constructions.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Steedman, Mark
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, MA : The MIT Press, 2012.
Subjects:
Grammar, Comparative and general > Quantifiers.
Semantics.
Grammar, Comparative and general > Syntax.
Semantics
semantics.
Online Access: Full text (MFA users only)
ISBN:9780262301404
0262301407
1283420791
9781283420792
Local Note:ProQuest Ebook Central
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Chapter 1- Prologue
  • 1.1 Why Quantifiers Matter
  • 1.2 Quantifiers and Question Answering
  • Chapter 2- Introduction
  • 2.1 Representing Scope Alternation
  • 2.2 Grammar and Explanation
  • 2.3 Natural Grammar
  • 2.4 Composition, Constructions, and Strong Lexicalization
  • 2.5 Against (Most) Generalized Quantifiers
  • 2.6 Processing Scope
  • 2.7 The Argument
  • Part I: Natural Semantics
  • Chapter 3- The Natural History of Scope
  • 3.1 Asymmetries in Scope Taking
  • 3.2 The Canadian Flag Exception
  • 3.3 Plural Quantifier Nominals
  • 3.4 Negation and Scope
  • 3.5 Pronouns and Scope
  • 3.6 A Narrow Definition of Bound-Variable Anaphora
  • 3.7 Early Approaches to Scope Alternation
  • Chapter 4- Semantics without Existential Quantifiers
  • 4.1 Donkey Sentences
  • 4.2 Intensionality
  • 4.3 Definites
  • 4.4 Pronouns
  • 4.5 Indefinites
  • 4.6 Distributivity
  • 4.7 Maximal Participancy of Plurals
  • 4.8 Negation, Polarity, and Monotone Entailment
  • Chapter 5- Model Theory
  • 5.1 Nonstandard Features of the Model Theory
  • 5.2 Syntax
  • 5.3 Semantics
  • 5.4 Examples
  • 5.5 Remarks
  • Part II: Natural Grammar
  • Chapter 6- Combinatory Categorial Grammar
  • 6.1 The Categorial Lexicon
  • 6.2 Combinatory Rules
  • 6.3 Binding and Control
  • 6.4 Relativization
  • 6.5 Embedded Subject Extraction
  • 6.6 Pied-Piping and In Situ Wh-Items
  • 6.7 Coordination
  • 6.8 Apparent Exceptions to the Across-the-Board Condition
  • 6.9 Argument/Adjunct Cluster Coordination
  • 6.10 Coordination of "Unlike" Types
  • 6.11 On the Symmetry of Left and Right Extraction
  • 6.12 Expressive Power and Computational Complexity of CCG
  • 6.13 A Comparison with Categorial Type Logic and Lambek Grammars
  • Chapter 7- Quantification and Pronominal Anaphora
  • 7.1 Generalized Quantifiers
  • 7.2 Skolem Terms
  • 7.3 Definites
  • 7.4 Pronouns.
  • 7.5 Bound-Variable Anaphora
  • Part III: Scope, Coordination, and Polarity
  • Chapter 8- Inverse Scope
  • 8.1 How True Universal Quantifiers Invert Scope
  • 8.2 "Inverse Linking"
  • 8.3 "Frozen" Scope
  • 8.4 "Intermediate" Scope
  • 8.5 Asymmetric Scope in English Embedded Universal Subjects
  • 8.6 Asymmetric Scope in German and Dutch
  • 8.7 Why Nonuniversals Do Not Invert
  • Chapter 9- Distributional Scope of Plurals
  • 9.1 Distributivity
  • 9.2 The Proportion Problem
  • 9.3 Counting Quantifiers
  • 9.4 Distributivity and Word Order in English and Japanese
  • Chapter 10- Coordination and Scope
  • 10.1 Plural Coordination
  • 10.2 Quantifier Coordination
  • 10.2.1 Collective Coordination
  • 10.2.2 Distributive Coordination
  • 10.3 "Branching Quantifiers"
  • 10.4 Across-the-Board Scope Alternation
  • 10.5 Parallelism and ATB Scope Taking
  • Chapter 11- Negation and Polarity
  • 11.1 Negation and Entailment
  • 11.2 Polarized Determiners
  • 11.2.1 Some
  • 11.2.2 Any
  • 11.2.3 Each and Every
  • 11.2.4 Indefinites
  • 11.2.5 No
  • 11.3 "Split Scope"
  • 11.4 Not Every and Not All
  • 11.5 Pronouns and Polarity
  • 11.6 Multiple Negation
  • 11.7 A Note on Negative-Concord Dialects of English
  • 11.8 Negative Scope and Coordination
  • Chapter 12- Related Approaches
  • 12.1 Discourse Representation Theory
  • 12.2 E-Type Pronouns
  • 12.3 Underspecification
  • 12.4 Storage
  • 12.5 Call-by-Name
  • Part IV: Applications and Conclusions
  • Chapter 13- Efficient Processing with CCG
  • 13.1 Parsing with CCG
  • 13.2 Building Logical Forms with CCG
  • 13.3 Processing Scope and Pronominal Reference in CCG
  • 13.4 String Generation from Logical Forms Using CCG
  • 13.5 The Use of Scope
  • 13.6 Entailment
  • 13.7 Human Sentence Processing
  • Chapter 14- Conclusion
  • References
  • Index.

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